Structuralism —Levi Strauss
- suggests a binary opposition (pairs that oppose/conflict)  is important in narratives
- identifying binary opposition can be used to determine ideological messages in narratives.
Applying structuralism to the killing-
There is binary opposition of light and dark in settings for example where Nanas body is discovered and in Thies and Permilles house. The household is presented is safe and warm through the lighting where is the darkness of outside conveys something bad is going to occur.
It’s also binary opposition of Meyer and Sara Lund’s character despite having the same job, as she is serious and well established and he is presented as more immature.

Narratology - Todorov
-identifies different stages of narrative, suggesting it’s apparent and every narrative.
-The stages of equilibrium, which is the norm, the disequilibrium, which is the disruption, and the new equilibrium.
-this helps to reveal values and ideologies.
Applying Narratology to stranger things.
In stranger things the Equilibrium at the beginning is the everyday lives of the group of boys (playing dungeons and dragons in Mikes basement). This is disrupted when will goes missing creating the disequilibrium of the narrative. The new equilibrium is created at the end of the episode where the boys find Eleven.
Applying Narratology to The killing.
And the killing the equilibrium at the beginning is the everyday lives of all the characters (detective Sara and is moving to Sweden, Thies and permille are working). The disequilibrium is created when Nana is not at school and is revealed she hasn’t been seen all weekend. The new equilibrium is when her body is discovered at the end of the episode creating a new narrative, this being the investigation of her murder.